سنگهای مرمری با توجه به زیبایی ظاهری و امکان شکلپذیری آسان، جایگاه ویژهای در ساخت مصنوعات سنگی پیش از تاریخی داشتهاند. مصنوعات مرمری میتوانند علیرغم عامل زمان، با توجه به روند تولید، شرایط محیطی و همچنین به واسطه اقدامات کاوش (علمی و غیر علمی) و شیوهی نگهداری، تحت تأثیر عوامل مخربی قرار گیرند. این مقاله مطالعهای مقدماتی در راستای شناخت و حفاظت از سه ظرف مرمری عصر مفرغ حوزه فرهنگی جیرفت در استان کرمان/ ایران است. در بخش آسیبشناسی، مشاهدات بصری، آسیبنگاری و شناسایی رسوبات نمونهها به روش شیمی تر انجام شد. بخش ساختارشناسی با روش شیمیتر، پتروگرافی و شناخت فازهای موجود با روش پودری پراش پرتو ایکس (XPRD) روی نمونه مطالعاتی انجام گرفت که نتایج حاکی از ساختار آهکی در قالب فاز شاخص کلسیت است که با دیگر مطالعات سنگهای مرمری جنوب شرق همخوانی دارد. با توجه به اهداف تحقیق در نهایت عملیات حفاظت و مرمت شامل تمیزکاری، وصالی و بازسازی دو نمونه صورت پذیرفت. نتایج مقدماتی این پژوهش علیرغم توصیف مراحل مرمت و بازسازی آثار سنگی، شناختی از سنگهای مورد استفاده در منطقه جیرفت و بررسی اولیهای درمورد آسیبشناسی آنها ارائه میکند.
Abstract: Due to outward beauty and carving ability offered for making stone artifacts conveniently, marble have historically been of pivotal importance. Besides time factor, marble artifacts might undergo degradation caused by various sources in regard to production process, environmental conditions, excavation (scientific or unscientific) and time. This paper is an initial and scientifically endeavored study of understanding and preserving three marbles vessels, pertaining to Jiroft culture, Bronze Age, located in Kerman, IRAN. In respect with pathological studies, observations, petrography and identification of residuals are conducted in terms of wet chemistry. Structural analysis is also conducted implementing wet chemistry, while petrography and identification of current phases are done using XPRD on sample. Results reveal calcium carbonate structure in form of a calcite phase, which matches other studies of marble stone in southeast of IRAN. Conservation and restoration operations, including cleaning, joining and reconstructing, are applied on two samples in accordance with paper’s goals and objectives. Initial results of this paper, in addition to describing conservation and restoration phases of stone artifacts, provide a profounder understanding of historical rocks in Jiroft region along with a rudimentary investigation of their pathology.
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