مطالعه فنی و آسیب‌شناسی محراب مسجد جامع ارومیه و ارائه‌ی طرح حفاظت و مرمت

Abstract: In this project some studies were done about structure and pathology and offer a proper plan for conservation and restoration of Urmia Jame mosque Altar. First we take a look at the Ilkhanid’s methods of architecture which the altar belongs to and then we consider its use and location which clarify the type of its fabrication. The technologic studies show much of compounds such as gypsum, anhydrite and clay minerals in the plaster carvings. Future according to laboratory studies, the techniques of plaster carving of altar and results of SEM and XRD tests and mechanical strengths we find out that the Altar has proper stableness but the plaster stucco layers of Altar are damaged due to various factors like cracks and decays and need to be restored. Also it was found several techniques like using died plaster, plaster sharp and plaster casting were used in construction of the Altar. Another issue was the difference between several parts of the Altar in physical specifications and color which the studies showed that is due to restoration and extensions in past periods. At the end of research, according to the results of pathology and technology of the work, a proper solution to conservation and restoration were offered which includes items like strengthening by acrylic resins, repairing of damaged areas, preventing further damaging by limiting the access to Altar and regular periodical visit.